A major challenge in drug discovery is the limited number of gene targets that can be targeted for the development of a drug molecule. Only close to 400 genes are proven targets for US FDA-approved drugs. 80% of human genes are unexplored as targets, and some are considered undruggable.
The identification and the selection of novel drug targets (proteins/genes) have remained major challenges in drug discovery as the identification of a molecular target requires assessment of genomics, proteomics, and in vitro and in vivo experimental data interpretation. The challenge lies in the lack of technology to break down complex biological networks and map them thoroughly. Scientists find it difficult to mine through large volumes of biological data and draw meaningful insight from them. The identification of novel drug targets will open up opportunities for the development of new drug molecules and the provision of treatment options for diseases with limited/no options.
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