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The effectiveness of an imaging system is heavily dependent on imaging electronics. Such a system comprises various parts, including a camera, software, a capturing board, and serial connections for data transmission and reception operations. As a result, comprehension of the concept of a camera sensor is crucial as it forms an important part of an imaging system or camera. Nevertheless, 2 cameras with the same sensor can operate and behave differently due to the interconnection of circuitry in the design.

An incoming light intensity-dependent current component is generated by a reverse-biased photodiode. These photo detectors can be arranged in 2D arrays to create a CMOS image sensor. A CMOS image sensor's pixels can have various degrees of complexity. The ability to integrate CMOS image sensors with other analog and digital circuitry necessary for an imaging system is its main benefit.