Research Overview

Neurological diseases refer to disorders of the brain, nerves, and spinal cord that lead to structural, biochemical, or electrical complications in the body. Major causes of neurological disorders include brain, spinal cord, or nerve injury; genetic disorders; congenital abnormalities; infections; and lifestyle. Neurological diseases include an extensive scope of disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, autism, neuromuscular disorders, brain tumors, and cerebral palsy. Some neurological disorders that are congenital emerge before birth. Other diseases are caused by trauma, infections, tumors, neurodegeneration, or structural defects. The pharmaceutical industry is spending a huge amount on developing novel technologies as treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.

Among the hardest neurological disorders to cure and that have devastating outcomes are neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are a diverse group of disorders that involve progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central or peripheral nervous system. Two of the most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, which affect millions of people worldwide.

The complex nature of neurodegenerative disorders, minimal understanding of disease mechanisms, lack of disease modifying treatment solutions, and multiple disease pathologies are some of the main challenges discussed in this report. Moreover, manufacturing, logistics, and drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier are other challenges in developing potential drugs for neurodegenerative disorders.